Bangladesh
CO\u2082 per capita
World Bank WDI (2023)
GDP
World Bank (2023)
Renewable electricity
↓ -0.1pp (5yr)
Ember (2023)
Vulnerability
ND-GAIN (2022)
- CO₂ at 0.7t per capita — low by global standards
- Renewable electricity at 1.6%, down 0.1pp over 5 years
- Climate vulnerability: high risk (ND-GAIN 0.569)
Bangladesh
CO₂ per capita, 2023
Scroll to see the full story
Emissions Trajectory
Emissions are shifting. But is it enough?
Pre-Paris (2000-2014)
Bangladesh's emissions grew at +6.52%/yr. The long-term CAGR (2000-2023) was +5.55%/yr.
Post-Paris, the rate shifted to +3.28%/yr — a -3.16pp shift. Per capita emissions reached 0.7t in 2023.
Bangladesh — CO₂ per capita (2000-2023)
Source: World Bank WDI + OWID Consumption
Post-Paris Shift
This ranks 2nd largest deceleration among tracked countries. Overall change since 2000: +246.1%.
Pre-Paris vs Post-Paris CAGR
Loading comparison data…
Source: World Bank WDI
World Bank vs Climate TRACE
CO₂ per capita comparison
Source: World Bank WDI vs Climate TRACE v7
Fossil Fuel Mix
Fossil fuels still make up 98.4% of the electricity mix. In 2023, Gas was the dominant source at 57.6 Mt CO₂.
Fossil CO₂ by Fuel Type
Source: Our World in Data
Energy Transition
The energy transition is underway.
Renewables Progress
1.6% of electricity comes from renewables. That is -0.1pp over 5 years. Fossil fuels still make up 98.4%.
Carbon intensity: 676 gCO₂/kWh. Renewable transition ranks 6th.
Electricity Generation Mix (2023)
Source: Ember Global Electricity Review (2023)
1.6%
Renewable Share
-0.1pp over 5yr
98.4%
Fossil Fuel Share
0.0%
Nuclear & Other
676
gCO₂/kWh
High-carbon
Economic Decoupling
Is GDP growth decoupled from emissions growth?
Decoupling Score
Score: -3.34. Bangladesh shows strong decoupling. GDP grew faster than emissions by +6.08pp/yr since 2015 (2nd among tracked countries).
GDP vs CO₂ Growth
Indexed to 2000=100
Source: World Bank WDI + OWID CO₂/GDP
1.9 Gt
Cumulative CO₂
Total since 1850
0.10%
Share of global
Cumulative share since 1850
0.006°C
Warming caused
by this country
Gas Breakdown
CO₂ dominates the warming contribution, followed by methane. N₂O contribution is relatively small. Total warming contribution: 0.006°C.
Temperature Contribution by Gas
Source: Our World in Data
234.7 Mt
Total GHG
All greenhouse gases
1.4
tCO₂e/capita
Total GHG per person
2nd
Global rank
Largest deceleration
Methane & Nitrous Oxide
Source: Our World in Data
Climate Vulnerability & Resilience
How prepared is Bangladesh?
Readiness & Vulnerability
Bangladesh ranks 19th in climate readiness (score: 0.279). Vulnerability stands at 0.568 — reflecting significant climate exposure.
high risk. 방글라데시는 기후변화에 가장 취약한 국가 중 하나로, ND-GAIN 취약성 지수 0.568(6개 파일럿 국가 중 최고)을 기록하고 있습니다. 벵골만 연안 저지대에 위치한 지형적 특성상 해수면 상승과 사이클론, 홍수 피해가 극심하며, 전체 인구의 상당 부분이 침수 위험 지역에 거주합니다. 에너지 믹스에서 화석연료 비중이 98.4%에 달하고 재생에너지는 1.6%에 불과해 에너지 전환이 매우 지연된 상태입니다. 대기오염(PM2.5 42.4 µg/m³)은 WHO 권고 기준을 8배 이상 초과하며 공중보건에 심각한 위협을 가합니다. 준비도 지수 0.28은 6개국 중 최저로, 기후 적응을 위한 제도적·재정적 역량이 극히 부족합니다. 1인당 CO2 배출량은 0.69 mt로 낮지만, GDP 성장과 함께 산업화가 가속되면서 배출량이 증가 추세입니다. 기후 재원 확보, 조기경보 시스템 강화, 재생에너지 인프라 투자가 시급히 필요한 국가입니다. Fossil fuel dependency (98.4%) remains a key driver.
Vulnerability vs Readiness
Source: ND-GAIN Country Index 2023
Key Vulnerabilities
- ▸극단적인 홍수 및 해수면 상승 위험 (연안 저지대 인구 노출)
- ▸식량 안보 취약성 (농업용 담수 부족 심화 예상)
- ▸높은 대기오염 수준 (PM2.5 42.4 µg/m³, WHO 기준 8배 초과)
- ▸에너지 전환 지연 (화석연료 의존도 98.4%, 재생에너지 1.6%)
- ▸낮은 적응 역량 (ND-GAIN 준비도 0.28, 최하위권)
Strengths
- ▸GDP 대비 탄소 집약도 지속 개선 (0.327 → 0.272 kg CO2/USD)
- ▸경제 성장 지속 (GDP 1인당 1,965 → 2,551 USD, 30% 증가)
- ▸삼림 면적 소폭 증가 (14.47% → 14.49%)
Key Takeaways
Bangladesh at a glance
Emissions
CO₂/capita: 0.7t. Post-Paris trend: +3.28%/yr.
Diagnosis
Renewable: 1.6%
Fossil: 98.4%
Decoupling: -3.34.
Outlook
Vulnerability: 0.568. Readiness: 0.279. high risk.
Data Sources
All data for Bangladesh sourced from World Bank WDI, Ember, ND-GAIN, Our World in Data, and Climate TRACE (2000-2023).
View detailed source list
Data Sources
Derived Indicators — Methodology
Carbon Intensity of GDP (DERIVED.CO2_PER_GDP)
CO₂_per_capita ÷ GDP_per_capita × 1,000
Unit: tCO₂ per $1,000 GDP. Lower = cleaner economy. 2023 range: DEU 0.13 → KOR 0.32.
Decoupling Index (DERIVED.DECOUPLING)
GDP_growth_rate(%) − CO₂_growth_rate(%)
Unit: percentage points. Positive = economy growing faster than emissions.
Energy Transition Momentum (DERIVED.ENERGY_TRANSITION)
RENEWABLE_PCT(t) − RENEWABLE_PCT(t−5)
Unit: pp over 5 years. 2023: DEU +19.2pp, BRA +6.6pp, USA +5.2pp, KOR +4.9pp.
Emissions (5)
| Indicator | Source | Years |
|---|---|---|
| Carbon intensity of GDP | Derived: EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5 / NY.GDP.PCAP.CD * 1000 | 2000–2023 |
| Emissions intensity | derived | 2000–2023 |
| CO2 per capita | World Bank WDI | 2000–2023 |
| Decoupling index | Derived: GDP growth% - CO2 growth% | 2001–2023 |
| Total GHG (absolute) | Climate TRACE | 2015–2023 |
Energy (5)
| Indicator | Source | Years |
|---|---|---|
| Fossil electricity % | Ember/OWID | 2000–2023 |
| Carbon intensity | Ember/OWID | 2000–2022 |
| Renewable electricity % | Ember/OWID | 2000–2023 |
| Energy use per capita | World Bank WDI | 2000–2022 |
| Energy transition momentum | Derived: EMBER.RENEWABLE.PCT(t) - EMBER.RENEWABLE.PCT(t-5) | 2005–2022 |
Economy (1)
| Indicator | Source | Years |
|---|---|---|
| GDP per capita | World Bank WDI | 2000–2023 |
Climate Risk (4)
| Indicator | Source | Years |
|---|---|---|
| ND-GAIN Vulnerability | ND-GAIN | 2000–2022 |
| Forest area | World Bank WDI | 2000–2022 |
| PM2.5 air pollution | World Bank WDI | 2000–2020 |
| ND-GAIN Readiness | ND-GAIN | 2000–2023 |
Derived (29)
| Indicator | Source | Years |
|---|---|---|
| OWID.OIL_CO2 | OWID CO2 | 2000–2023 |
| OWID.NITROUS_OXIDE | OWID CO2 | 2000–2023 |
| OWID.CEMENT_CO2 | OWID CO2 | 2000–2023 |
| OWID.SHARE_GLOBAL_CO2 | OWID CO2 | 2000–2023 |
| OWID.ENERGY_PER_CAPITA | OWID CO2 | 2000–2023 |
| OWID.NITROUS_OXIDE_PER_CAPITA | OWID CO2 | 2000–2023 |
| OWID.CO2 | OWID CO2 | 2000–2023 |
| OWID.ENERGY_PER_GDP | OWID CO2 | 2000–2022 |
| SP.POP.TOTL | World Bank WDI | 2000–2023 |
| OWID.CONSUMPTION_CO2 | OWID CO2 | 2000–2023 |
| OWID.GHG_PER_CAPITA | OWID CO2 | 2000–2023 |
| OWID.GAS_CO2 | OWID CO2 | 2000–2023 |
| OWID.TEMPERATURE_CHANGE_FROM_N2O | OWID CO2 | 2000–2023 |
| OWID.CO2_PER_CAPITA | OWID CO2 | 2000–2023 |
| OWID.METHANE_PER_CAPITA | OWID CO2 | 2000–2022 |
| OWID.CONSUMPTION_CO2_PER_CAPITA | OWID CO2 | 2000–2023 |
| OWID.FLARING_CO2 | OWID CO2 | 2000–2023 |
| OWID.TOTAL_GHG | OWID CO2 | 2000–2023 |
| OWID.CO2_PER_GDP | OWID CO2 | 2000–2022 |
| OWID.METHANE | OWID CO2 | 2000–2023 |
| OWID.TEMPERATURE_CHANGE_FROM_CO2 | OWID CO2 | 2000–2022 |
| OWID.TEMPERATURE_CHANGE_FROM_CH4 | OWID CO2 | 2000–2023 |
| OWID.CO2_INCLUDING_LUC | OWID CO2 | 2000–2023 |
| OWID.CUMULATIVE_CO2 | OWID CO2 | 2000–2023 |
| OWID.TEMPERATURE_CHANGE_FROM_GHG | OWID CO2 | 2000–2023 |
| OWID.TOTAL_GHG_EXCLUDING_LUCF | OWID CO2 | 2000–2022 |
| OWID.SHARE_GLOBAL_CUMULATIVE_CO2 | OWID CO2 | 2000–2023 |
| OWID.COAL_CO2 | OWID CO2 | 2000–2023 |
| DERIVED.CLIMATE_CLASS | VisualClimate derived | 2023–2023 |