Pakistan flag

Pakistan

Southern Asia241.5M
B

Climate Score

/ 100

Starter

CO\u2082 per capita

0.8t CO\u2082e

World Bank WDI (2023)

GDP

$329B($1.4k/capita)

World Bank (2023)

Renewable electricity

29.2%

+3.5pp (5yr)

Ember (2023)

Vulnerability

ND-GAIN index
  • CO₂ at 0.8t per capita — low by global standards
  • Renewable electricity at 29.2%, up 3.5pp over 5 years
00.30.60.91.21.5200020042008201220162020t CO₂e/capitaParis 20150.8t

Pakistan

0t

CO₂ per capita, 2023

CO₂/capita0.8t
Renewable29.2%

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Emissions Trajectory

Emissions are shifting. But is it enough?

Pre-Paris (2000-2014)

Pakistan's emissions trajectory is being tracked across multiple data sources.

Pakistan — CO₂ per capita (2000-2023)

Source: World Bank WDI + OWID Consumption

Production-basedConsumption-based
00.30.60.91.21.5200020042008201220162020t CO₂e/capitaParis 20150.8t

Post-Paris Shift

Pakistan's emissions trajectory reflects ongoing energy transition dynamics.

Pre-Paris vs Post-Paris CAGR

Key Comparison

Loading comparison data…

Source: World Bank WDI

Sector Breakdown

Agriculture dominates at 16.7% of total emissions. Manufacturing follows at 16.7%. Total: 3621069.32 Gt CO₂e.

Emissions by Sector (2024)

Source: Climate TRACE v7

3621069.32 Gt
Agriculture603511553.3 Mt · 16.7%Manufacturing603511553.3 Mt · 16.7%Power603511553.3 Mt · 16.7%Transportation603511553.3 Mt · 16.7%Buildings603511553.3 Mt · 16.7%Waste603511553.3 Mt · 16.7%

Fossil Fuel Mix

Fossil fuels still make up 57.4% of the electricity mix. In 2023, Gas was the dominant source at 61.2 Mt CO₂.

Fossil CO₂ by Fuel Type

Source: Our World in Data

CoalOilGasCementFlaring
060120180240300200020042008201220162020Mt CO₂

Energy Transition

The energy transition is underway.

Renewables Progress

29.2% of electricity comes from renewables. That is +3.5pp over 5 years. Fossil fuels still make up 57.4%.

Carbon intensity: 426 gCO₂/kWh.

Electricity Generation Mix (2023)

Source: Ember Global Electricity Review (2023)

Pakistan — Energy Flow 2023Electricity generation mix · carbon outputINPUTGRIDOUTPUT57%29%13%Fossil57.4%Renewable29.2%Nuclear13.4%ElectricityCO2 Output57.4%Clean Output42.6%Source: Ember Global Electricity Review 2023 | visualclimate.org

29.2%

Renewable Share

+3.5pp over 5yr

57.4%

Fossil Fuel Share

13.4%

Nuclear & Other

426

gCO₂/kWh

High-carbon

Economic Decoupling

Is GDP growth decoupled from emissions growth?

Decoupling Score

GDP and CO₂ trends reveal the decoupling trajectory.

GDP vs CO₂ Growth

Indexed to 2000=100

Decoupling
GDP per capitaCO₂ per capitaCarbon Intensity of GDP
60120180240300200020042008201220162020Index (2000=100)212117

Source: World Bank WDI + OWID CO₂/GDP

5.6 Gt

Cumulative CO₂

Total since 1850

0.31%

Share of global

Cumulative share since 1850

0.012°C

Warming caused

by this country

Gas Breakdown

CO₂ dominates the warming contribution, followed by methane. N₂O contribution is relatively small. Total warming contribution: 0.012°C.

Temperature Contribution by Gas

Source: Our World in Data

CO₂0.003°C (28%)
CH₄0.007°C (62%)
N₂O0.001°C (10%)

473.7 Mt

Total GHG

All greenhouse gases

1.9

tCO₂e/capita

Total GHG per person

Methane & Nitrous Oxide

Source: Our World in Data

Methane (left axis)Nitrous Oxide (right axis)
050100150200250020406080100200020042008201220162020CH₄ MtN₂O Mt

Climate Vulnerability & Resilience

How prepared is Pakistan?

Readiness & Vulnerability

Pakistan's vulnerability and readiness data is being updated.

Vulnerability vs Readiness

Source: ND-GAIN Country Index 2023

0.2830.440.5970.240.4990.758Vulnerability →Readiness →

Key Takeaways

Pakistan at a glance

Emissions

CO₂/capita: 0.8t. Emissions trajectory under review.

Diagnosis

Renewable: 29.2%

Fossil: 57.4%

Outlook

Vulnerability data pending.

Data Sources

All data for Pakistan sourced from World Bank WDI, Ember, ND-GAIN, Our World in Data, and Climate TRACE (2000-2023).

View detailed source list
WDIWorld Bank World Development Indicators -- CO₂/capita (EN.GHG.CO2.PC.CE.AR5), GDP/capita, forest area, energy use, PM2.5
EmberEmber Global Electricity Review -- Renewable %, fossil %, carbon intensity (gCO₂/kWh)
ND-GAINNotre Dame Global Adaptation Initiative -- Vulnerability index, readiness index
OWIDOur World in Data -- Consumption CO₂, fuel breakdown, cumulative CO₂, temperature contribution, methane, N₂O, total GHG
CTRACEClimate TRACE v7 -- Satellite-based sector emissions (power, transport, manufacturing, agriculture, etc.)

Data Sources

Derived Indicators — Methodology

Carbon Intensity of GDP (DERIVED.CO2_PER_GDP)

CO₂_per_capita ÷ GDP_per_capita × 1,000

Unit: tCO₂ per $1,000 GDP. Lower = cleaner economy. 2023 range: DEU 0.13 → KOR 0.32.

Decoupling Index (DERIVED.DECOUPLING)

GDP_growth_rate(%) − CO₂_growth_rate(%)

Unit: percentage points. Positive = economy growing faster than emissions.

Energy Transition Momentum (DERIVED.ENERGY_TRANSITION)

RENEWABLE_PCT(t) − RENEWABLE_PCT(t−5)

Unit: pp over 5 years. 2023: DEU +19.2pp, BRA +6.6pp, USA +5.2pp, KOR +4.9pp.

Emissions (1)
IndicatorSourceYears
CO2 per capitaWorld Bank WDI2000–2023
Energy (4)
IndicatorSourceYears
Renewable electricity %Ember/OWID2000–2023
Fossil electricity %Ember/OWID2000–2023
Carbon intensityEmber/OWID2000–2023
Energy use per capitaWorld Bank WDI2000–2022
Economy (1)
IndicatorSourceYears
GDP per capitaWorld Bank WDI2000–2023
Climate Risk (2)
IndicatorSourceYears
PM2.5 air pollutionWorld Bank WDI2000–2020
Forest areaWorld Bank WDI2000–2023
Derived (45)
IndicatorSourceYears
OWID.NITROUS_OXIDE_PER_CAPITAOWID CO22000–2023
OWID.CO2_PER_CAPITAOWID CO22000–2023
OWID.TEMPERATURE_CHANGE_FROM_CO2OWID CO22000–2023
OWID.CUMULATIVE_CO2OWID CO22000–2023
OWID.TOTAL_GHGOWID CO22000–2023
OWID.GAS_CO2OWID CO22000–2023
OWID.COAL_CO2OWID CO22000–2023
OWID.CONSUMPTION_CO2_PER_CAPITAOWID CO22000–2023
OWID.ENERGY_PER_GDPOWID CO22000–2022
OWID.CO2OWID CO22000–2023
OWID.TEMPERATURE_CHANGE_FROM_CH4OWID CO22000–2023
OWID.FLARING_CO2OWID CO22000–2023
OWID.CO2_INCLUDING_LUCOWID CO22000–2023
OWID.METHANE_PER_CAPITAOWID CO22000–2023
OWID.TOTAL_GHG_EXCLUDING_LUCFOWID CO22000–2023
OWID.METHANEOWID CO22000–2023
OWID.SHARE_GLOBAL_CO2OWID CO22000–2023
OWID.SHARE_GLOBAL_CUMULATIVE_CO2OWID CO22000–2023
OWID.TEMPERATURE_CHANGE_FROM_GHGOWID CO22000–2023
OWID.ENERGY_PER_CAPITAOWID CO22000–2023
OWID.TEMPERATURE_CHANGE_FROM_N2OOWID CO22000–2023
OWID.NITROUS_OXIDEOWID CO22000–2023
OWID.GHG_PER_CAPITAOWID CO22000–2023
SP.POP.TOTLWorld Bank WDI2000–2023
OWID.CONSUMPTION_CO2OWID CO22000–2023
OWID.CEMENT_CO2OWID CO22000–2023
OWID.CO2_PER_GDPOWID CO22000–2022
OWID.OIL_CO2OWID CO22000–2023
DERIVED.CLIMATE_CLASSVisualClimate derived2023–2023
CTRACE.WASTEClimate TRACE2024–2024
CTRACE.TRANSPORTATIONClimate TRACE2024–2024
CTRACE.TOTALClimate TRACE2024–2024
CTRACE.POWERClimate TRACE2024–2024
CTRACE.MINERAL_EXTRACTIONClimate TRACE2024–2024
CTRACE.MANUFACTURINGClimate TRACE2024–2024
CTRACE.FOSSIL_FUEL_OPERATIONSClimate TRACE2024–2024
CTRACE.AGRICULTUREClimate TRACE2024–2024
REPORT.ENERGY_SCORE2024–2024
CTRACE.FORESTRY_AND_LAND_USEClimate TRACE2024–2024
CTRACE.BUILDINGSClimate TRACE2024–2024
REPORT.GRADE2024–2024
REPORT.RESPONSIBILITY_SCORE2024–2024
REPORT.TOTAL_SCORE2024–2024
REPORT.ECONOMY_SCORE2024–2024
REPORT.EMISSIONS_SCORE2024–2024